君主論-the prince(英文版)

第12部分 (第5/7頁)

ose　arms　bee　yours；　those　men　who　were　distrustedbee　faithful；　and　those　who　were　faithful　are　kept　so；　and　yoursubjects　bee　your　adherents。　And　whereas　all　subjects　cannot　bearmed；　yet　when　those　whom　you　do　arm　are　benefited；　the　others　can　behandled　more　freely；　and　this　difference　in　their　treatment；　akes　the　former　your　dependants；　and　the　latter；considering　it　to　be　necessary　that　those　who　have　the　most　danger　andservice　should　have　the　most　reward；　excuse　you。　But　when　you　disarmthem；　you　at　once　offend　them　by　showing　that　you　distrust　them；　eitherfor　cowardice　or　for　want　of　loyalty；　and　either　of　these　opinionsbreeds　hatred　against　you。　And　because　you　cannot　remain　unarmed；　itfollows　that　you　turn　to　mercenaries；　which　are　of　the　character　alreadyshown；　even　if　they　should　be　good　they　would　not　be　sufficient　todefend　you　against　powerful　enemies　and　distrusted　subjects。　Therefore；as　I　have　said；　a　new　prince　in　a　new　principality　has　alwaysdistributed　arms。　Histories　are　full　of　examples。　But　when　a　princeacquires　a　new　state；　which　he　adds　as　a　province　to　his　old　one；　thenit　is　necessary　to　disarm　the　men　of　that　state；　except　those　who　havebeen　his　adherents　in　acquiring　it；　and　these　again；　with　time　andopportunity；　should　be　rendered　soft　and　effeminate；　and　matters　shouldbe　managed　in　such　a　way　that　all　the　armed　men　in　the　state　shall　beyour　own　soldiers　who　in　your　old　state　were　living　near　you。3。　Our　forefathers；　and　those　who　were　reckoned　wise；　were　accustomed　tosay　that　it　was　necessary　to　hold　Pistoia　by　factions　and　Pisa　byfortresses；　and　with　this　idea　they　fostered　quarrels　in　some　of　theirtributary　towns　so　as　to　keep　possession　of　them　the　more　easily。　Thismay　have　been　well　enough　in　those　times　when　Italy　was　in　a　waybalanced；　but　I　do