君主論-the prince(英文版)

第1部分 (第3/7頁)

the　natives。For　these　reasons　Louis　XII；　King　of　France；　quickly　occupied　Milan；　andas　quickly　lost　it；　and　to　turn　him　out　the　first　time　it　only　neededLodovico's　own　forces；　because　those　who　had　opened　the　gates　to　him；finding　themselves　deceived　in　their　hopes　of　future　benefit；　would　notendure　the　ill…treatment　of　the　new　prince。　It　is　very　true　that；　afteracquiring　rebellious　provinces　a　second　time；　they　are　not　so　lightlylost　afterwards；　because　the　prince；　with　little　reluctance；　takes　theopportunity　of　the　rebellion　to　punish　the　delinquents；　to　clear　out　thesuspects；　and　to　strengthen　himself　in　the　weakest　places。　Thus　to　causeFrance　to　lose　Milan　the　first　time　it　was　enough　for　the　Duke　Lodovicoto　raise　insurrections　on　the　borders；　but　to　cause　him　to　lose　it　asecond　time　it　was　necessary　to　bring　the　whole　world　against　him；　andthat　his　armies　should　be　defeated　and　driven　out　of　Italy；　whichfollowed　from　the　causes　above　mentioned。Nevertheless　Milan　was　taken　from　France　both　the　first　and　the　secondtime。　The　general　reasons　for　the　first　have　been　discussed；　it　remainsto　name　those　for　the　second；　and　to　see　what　resources　he　had；　and　whatany　one　in　his　situation　would　have　had　for　maintaining　himself　moresecurely　in　his　acquisition　than　did　the　King　of　France。Now　I　say　that　those　dominions　which；　when　acquired；　are　added　to　anancient　state　by　him　；　are　either　of　the　same　countryand　language；　or　they　are　not。　When　they　are；　it　is　easier　to　hold　them；especially　when　they　have　not　been　accustomed　to　self…government；　and　tohold　them　securely　it　is　enough　to　have　destroyed　the　family　of　theprince　who　was　ruling　them；　because　the　two　peoples；　preserving　in　otherthings　the　old　conditions；　and　not　being　unlike　in　customs；　will　livequietly　together；　as　one　has