君主論-the prince(英文版)

第14部分 (第4/7頁)

y　observed；　will　enable　a　new　princeto　appear　well　established；　and　render　him　at　once　more　secure　and　fixedin　the　state　than　if　he　had　been　long　seated　there。　For　the　actions　of　anew　prince　are　more　narrowly　observed　than　those　of　an　hereditary　one；and　when　they　are　seen　to　be　able　they　gain　more　men　and　bind　fartighter　than　ancient　blood；　because　men　are　attracted　more　by　thepresent　than　by　the　past；　and　when　they　find　the　present　good　they　enjoyit　and　seek　no　further；　they　will　also　make　the　utmost　defence　for　aprince　if　he　fails　them　not　in　other　things。　Thus　it　will　be　a　doubleglory　to　him　to　have　established　a　new　principality；　and　adorned　andstrengthened　it　with　good　laws；　good　arms；　good　allies；　and　with　a　goodexample；　so　will　it　be　a　double　disgrace　to　him　who；　born　a　prince；shall　lose　his　state　by　want　of　wisdom。And　if　those　seigniors　are　considered　who　have　lost　their　states　inItaly　in　our　times；　such　as　the　King　of　Naples；　the　Duke　of　Milan；　andothers；　there　will　be　found　in　them；　firstly；　one　mon　defect　inregard　to　arms　from　the　causes　which　have　been　discussed　at　length；　inthe　next　place；　some　one　of　them　will　be　seen；　either　to　have　had　thepeople　hostile；　or　if　he　has　had　the　people　friendly；　he　has　not　knownhow　to　secure　the　nobles。　In　the　absence　of　these　defects　states　thathave　power　enough　to　keep　an　army　in　the　field　cannot　be　lost。Philip　of　Macedon；　not　the　father　of　Alexander　the　Great；　but　he　who　wasconquered　by　Titus　Quintius；　had　not　much　territory　pared　to　thegreatness　of　the　Romans　and　of　Greece　who　attacked　him；　yet　being　awarlike　man　who　knew　how　to　attract　the　people　and　secure　the　nobles；　hesustained　the　war　against　his　enemies　for　many　years；　and　if　in　the　endhe　lost　the　dominion　of　some　cities；　nevertheless　he　retained　thekingdom。Therefo