哲學史-philosophy of history(英文版)

第9部分 (第7/7頁)

and　aim　of　the　world's　existence；　that　it　should　foster；　nay　involve　the　execution　and　ratification

of　good；　moral；　righteous　purposes。　What　makes　men　morally　discontented　（a　discontent；　by　the

bye；　on　which　they　somewhat　pride　themselves）；　is　that　they　do　not　find　the　present　adapted　to　the

realisation　of　aims　which　they　hold　to　be　right　and　just　（more　especially　in　modern　times；　ideals　of

political　constitutions）；　they　contrast　unfavourably　things　as　they　are；　with　their　idea　of　things　as

they　ought　to　be。　In　this　case　it　is　not　private　interest　nor　passion　that　desires　gratification；　but

Reason；　Justice；　Liberty；　and　equipped　with　this　title；　the　demand　in　question　assumes　a　lofty

bearing；　and　readily　adopts　a　position　not　merely　of　discontent；　but　of　open　revolt　against　the

actual　condition　of　the　world。　To　estimate　such　a　feeling　and　such　views　aright；　the　demands

insisted　upon；　and　the　very　dogmatic　opinions　asserted；　must　be　examined。　At　no　time