哲學史-philosophy of history(英文版)

第11部分 (第5/7頁)

al　condition

already　mentioned。）　They　live；　therefore；　in　a　unity　of　feeling；　love；　confidence；　and　faith　in　each

other。　And　in　a　relation　of　mutual　love；　the　one　individual　has　the　consciousness　of　himself　in　the

consciousness　of　the　other；　he　lives　out　of　self；　and　in　this　mutual　self…renunciation　each　regains　the

life　that　had　been　virtually　transferred　to　the　other；　gains；　in　fact；　that　other's　existence　and　his　own；

as　involved　with　that　other。　The　farther　interests　connected　with　the　necessities　and　external

concerns　of　life；　as　well　as　the　development　that　has　to　take　place　within　their　circle；　i。e。　of　the

children　constitute　a　mon　object　for　the　members　of　the　Family。　The　Spirit　of　the　Family　…　the

Penates　…　form　one　substantial　being；　as　much　as　the　Spirit　of　a　People　in　the　State；　and　morality　in

both　cases　consists　in　a　feeling；　a　consciousness；　and　a　will；　not　limited　to　individual　personality

and　interest；　but　embracing　the　mon　interests　of　the　members　generally。　But　this　unity　is　in　the

case　of　the　Family　essentially　one　of　feeling；　not　advancing　beyond　the　limits　of　the　merely

natural。　The　piety　of　the　Family　relation　should　be　respected　in　the　highest　degree　by　the　State；

by　its　means　the　State　obtains　as　its　members　individuals　who　are　already　moral　（for　as　mere

persons　they　are　not）　and　who　in　uniting　to　form　a　state　bring　with　them　that　sound　basis　of　a

political　edifice　…　the　capacity　of　feeling　one　with　a　Whole。　But　the　expansion　of　the　Family　to　a

patriarchal　unity　carries　us　beyond　the　ties　of　blood…relationship　…　the　simply　natural　elements　of

that　basis；　and　outside　of　these　limits　the　members　of　the　munity　must　enter　upon　the　p