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常可以替換使用，都用來表達“估計”的含義。
evenly［'i：vnli］ad。 平坦地；均勻地；穩定地
例句 The impact of the army on the civilian population starts from the realization that the soldiers were always evenly distributed across the country。 軍隊對平民的影響是從意識到士兵經常均衡地分佈在全國各處開始的。
excess［'ekses］a。 過量的；額外的［ik'ses］n。 超過
例句 1。 The excess cash rapidly stimulated a thriving economy outside fort gates。 這些多餘的現金迅速刺激了要塞之外的經濟發展。
2。 During the dry periods； that is mon phenomenon along the desert margins； when the pressure on the land is often far in excess of its diminished capacity； desertification forms。 在乾旱季節，這是沙漠邊緣地帶常見的現象；土地的乾旱程度超出了其可承受的範圍，這就導致荒漠化的形成。
3。 Excess water from irrigation sinking down into the water table is one of the causes of desertification。 過多灌溉用水滲透到地下水位之下是導致沙漠化的原因之一。
excessive［ik'sesiv］a。 過分的；極度的；過多的
例句 1。 Excessive numbers of cattle and the need for firewood for fuel have made grasses and trees reduced； leaving the land unprotected and vulnerable。 數量過多的牲畜和對用作燃料的木柴的需求使得草木減少，使土地失去保護，變得脆弱。
2。 In studies； pacifiers are monly used to calm an infant who has suffered excessive stimuli。 在研究中，安慰奶嘴通常用於安撫受到過度刺激的嬰兒。
3。 Reduction of the vegetation cover and the trampling and pulverization of the soil are the consequences of an excessive number of livestock grazing in an area。 過度放牧導致了植被減少，土地遭到踐踏，並被最終徹底摧毀。
explanation［？ekspl？'nei？n］n。 解釋，說明
例句 1。 Dissatisfaction with conventional explanations for dinosaur extinctions led to a surprising observation that has suggested a new hypothesis in turn。 對恐龍滅絕的傳統解釋的不滿意使人們有了驚人的發現，而這反而暗示了一個新假說的誕生。
2。 The likely explanation is that in an area of underground freshwater underlies the island； but surface elevation increases from north to south； so that as one moves south the land surface lies incre
