君主論-the prince(英文版)

第13部分 (第2/7頁)

e　to　a　similar　decision。　Fortresses；　therefore；are　useful　or　not　according　to　circumstances；　if　they　do　you　good　in　oneway　they　injure　you　in　another。　And　this　question　can　be　reasoned　thus：the　prince　who　has　more　to　fear　from　the　people　than　from　foreignersought　to　build　fortresses；　but　he　who　has　more　to　fear　from　foreignersthan　from　the　people　ought　to　leave　them　alone。　The　castle　of　Milan；built　by　Francesco　Sforza；　has　made；　and　will　make；　more　trouble　for　thehouse　of　Sforza　than　any　other　disorder　in　the　state。　For　this　reasonthe　best　possible　fortress　is　……　not　to　be　hated　by　the　people；　because；although　you　may　hold　the　fortresses；　yet　they　will　not　save　you　if　thepeople　hate　you；　for　there　will　never　be　wanting　foreigners　to　assist　apeople　who　have　taken　arms　against　you。　It　has　not　been　seen　in　ourtimes　that　such　fortresses　have　been　of　use　to　any　prince；　unless　to　theCountess　of　Forli；　when　the　Count　Girolamo；　her　consort；　was　killed；　forby　that　means　she　was　able　to　withstand　the　popular　attack　and　wait　forassistance　from　Milan；　and　thus　recover　her　state；　and　the　posture　ofaffairs　was　such　at　that　time　that　the　foreigners　could　not　assist　thepeople。　But　fortresses　were　of　little　value　to　her　afterwards　whenCesare　Borgia　attacked　her；　and　when　the　people；　her　enemy；　were　alliedwith　foreigners。　Therefore　it　would　have　been　safer　for　her；　both　thenand　before；　not　to　have　been　hated　by　the　people　than　to　have　had　thefortresses。　All　these　things　considered　then；　I　shall　praise　him　whobuilds　fortresses　as　well　as　him　who　does　not；　and　I　shall　blamewhoever；　trusting　in　them；　cares　little　about　being　hated　by　the　people。CHAPTER　XXIHOW　A　PRINCE　SHOULD　CONDUCT　HIMSELF　SO　AS　TO　GAIN　RENOWNNOTHING　makes　a　prince　so　much　esteemed　as　great　enterprises　and　settinga　fine　ex