君主論-the prince(英文版)

第5部分 (第6/7頁)

　be　turned　to　the　advantageof　the　subjects。　The　badly　employed　are　those　which；　notwithstandingthey　may　be　few　in　the　mencement；　multiply　with　time　rather　thandecrease。　Those　who　practise　the　first　system　are　able；　by　aid　of　God　orman；　to　mitigate　in　some　degree　their　rule；　as　Agathocles　did。　It　isimpossible　for　those　who　follow　the　other　to　maintain　themselves。Hence　it　is　to　be　remarked　that；　in　seizing　a　state；　the　usurper　oughtto　examine　closely　into　all　those　injuries　which　it　is　necessary　for　himto　inflict；　and　to　do　them　all　at　one　stroke　so　as　not　to　have　to　repeatthem　daily；　and　thus　by　not　unsettling　men　he　will　be　able　to　reassurethem；　and　win　them　to　himself　by　benefits。　He　who　does　otherwise；　eitherfrom　timidity　or　evil　advice；　is　always　pelled　to　keep　the　knife　inhis　hand；　neither　can　he　rely　on　his　subjects；　nor　can　they　attachthemselves　to　him；　owing　to　their　continued　and　repeated　wrongs。　Forinjuries　ought　to　be　done　all　at　one　time；　so　that；　being　tasted　less；they　offend　less；　benefits　ought　to　be　given　little　by　little；　so　thatthe　flavour　of　them　may　last　longer。And　above　all　things；　a　prince　ought　to　live　amongst　his　people　in　sucha　way　that　no　unexpected　circumstances；　whether　of　good　or　evil；　shallmake　him　change；　because　if　the　necessity　for　this　es　in　troubledtimes；　you　are　too　late　for　harsh　measures；　and　mild　ones　will　not　helpyou；　for　they　will　be　considered　as　forced　from　you；　and　no　one　will　beunder　any　obligation　to　you　for　them。CHAPTER　IXCONCERNING　A　CIVIL　PRINCIPALITYBUT　ing　to　the　other　point　……　where　a　leading　citizen　bees　theprince　of　his　country；　not　by　wickedness　or　any　intolerable　violence；but　by　the　favour　of　his　fellow　citizens　……　this　may　be　called　a　civilprincipality：　nor　is　genius　or　fortune　altogether　necessary　to　attain　toit；