君主論-the prince(英文版)

第5部分 (第2/7頁)

hoice；　and　itwas　the　cause　of　his　ultimate　ruin。1。　Julius　II　had　been　Cardinal　of　San　Pietro　ad　Vincula；　San　Giorgio　wasRaffaells　Riaxis；　and　Ascanio　was　Cardinal　Ascanio　Sforza。CHAPTER　VIIICONCERNING　THOSE　WHO　HAVE　OBTAINED　A　PRINCIPALITY　BY　WICKEDNESSALTHOUGH　a　prince　may　rise　from　a　private　station　in　two　ways；　neitherof　which　can　be　entirely　attributed　to　fortune　or　genius；　yet　it　ismanifest　to　me　that　I　must　not　be　silent　on　them；　although　one　could　bemore　copiously　treated　when　I　discuss　republics。　These　methods　are　when；either　by　some　wicked　or　nefarious　ways；　one　ascends　to　theprincipality；　or　when　by　the　favour　of　his　fellow…citizens　a　privateperson　bees　the　prince　of　his　country。　And　speaking　of　the　firstmethod；　it　will　be　illustrated　by　two　examples　……　one　ancient；　the　othermodern　……　and　without　entering　further　into　the　subject；　I　considerthese　two　examples　will　suffice　those　who　may　be　pelled　to　followthem。Agathocles；　the　Sicilian；　became　King　of　Syracuse　not　only　from　aprivate　but　from　a　low　and　abject　position。　This　man；　the　son　of　apotter；　through　all　the　changes　in　his　fortunes　always　led　an　infamouslife。　Nevertheless；　he　acpanied　his　infamies　with　so　much　ability　ofmind　and　body　that；　having　devoted　himself　to　the　military　profession；he　rose　through　its　ranks　to　be　Praetor　of　Syracuse。　Being　establishedin　that　position；　and　having　deliberately　resolved　to　make　himselfprince　and　to　seize　by　violence；　without　obligation　to　others；　thatwhich　had　been　conceded　to　him　by　assent；　he　came　to　an　understandingfor　this　purpose　with　Hamilcar；　the　Carthaginian；　who；　with　his　army；was　fighting　in　Sicily。　One　morning　he　assembled　the　people　and　senateof　Syracuse；　as　if　he　had　to　discuss　with　them　things　relating　to　theRepublic；　and　at　a　given　signal　the　soldiers　kil