哲學史-philosophy of history(英文版)

第9部分 (第4/7頁)

§　36

The　special　interest　of　passion　is　thus　inseparable　from　the　active　development　of　a　general

principle：　for　it　is　from　the　special　and　determinate　and　from　its　negation；　that　the　Universal　results。

Particularity　contends　with　its　like；　and　some　loss　is　involved　in　the　issue。　It　is　not　the　general　idea

that　is　implicated　in　opposition　and　bat；　and　that　is　exposed　to　danger。　It　remains　in　the

background；　untouched　and　uninjured。　This　may　be　called　the　cunning　of　reason；　—　that　it　sets

the　passions　to　work　for　itself；　while　that　which　develops　its　existence　through　such　impulsion　pays

the　penalty　and　suffers　loss。　For　it　is　phenomenal　being　that　is　so　treated；　and　of　this；　part　is　of　no

value；　part　is　positive　and　real。　The　particular　is　for　the　most　part　of　too　trifling　value　as　pared

with　the　general：　individuals　are　sacrificed　and　abandoned。　The　Idea　pays　the　penalty　of

determinate　existence　and　of　corruptibility；　not　from　itself；　but　from　the　passions　of　individuals。

§　37

But　though　we　might　tolerate　the　idea　that　individuals；　their　desires　and　the　gratification　of　them；

are　thus　sacrificed；　and　their　happiness　given　up　to　the　empire　of　chance；　to　which　it　belongs；　and

that　as　a　general　rule；　individuals　e　under　the　category　of　means　to　an　ulterior　end；　—　there　is

one　aspect　of　human　individuality　which　we　should　hesitate　to　regard　in　that　subordinate　light；　even

in　relation　to　the　highest；　since　it　is　absolutely　no　subordinate　element；　but　exists　in　those　individuals

as　inherently　eternal　and　divine。　I　mean　morality；　ethics；　religion。　Even　when　speaking　of　the

realisation　of　the　great　ideal　aim　by　means　of　individuals；　the　subjective　eleme