哲學史-philosophy of history(英文版)

第17部分 (第4/7頁)

　and　the　liability　to　imputation　and　the　ascription　of　good　or　bad

motives；　which　attach　to　individuality　in　virtue　of　its　social　relations。　They　who　on　moral　grounds；

and　consequently　with　noble　intention；　have　resisted　that　which　the　advance　of　the　Spiritual　Idea

makes　necessary；　stand　higher　in　moral　worth　than　those　whose　crimes　have　been　turned　into　the

means　—　under　the　direction　of　a　superior　principle　—　of　realising　the　purposes　of　that　principle。

But　in　such　revolutions　both　parties　generally　stand　within　the　limits　of　the　same　circle　of　transient

and　corruptible　existence。　Consequently　it　is　only　a　formal　rectitude　—　deserted　by　the　living　Spirit

and　by　God　—　which　those　who　stand　upon　ancient　right　and　order　maintain。　The　deeds　of　great

men；　who　are　the　Individuals　of　the　World's　History；　thus　appear　not　only　justified　in　view　of　that

intrinsic　result　of　which　they　were　not　conscious；　but　also　from　the　point　of　view　occupied　by　the

secular　moralist。　But　looked　at　from　this　point；　moral　claims　that　are　irrelevant；　must　not　be

brought　into　collision　with　world…historical　deeds　and　their　acplishment。　The　Litany　of　private

virtues　—　modesty；　humility；　philanthropy　and　forbearance　—　must　not　be　raised　against　them。　The

History　of　the　World　might；　on　principle；　entirely　ignore　the　circle　within　which　morality　and　the　so

much　talked　of　distinction　between　the　moral　and　the　politic　lies　—　not　only　in　abstaining　from

judgments；　for　the　principles　involved；　and　the　necessary　reference　of　the　deeds　in　question　to

those　principles；　are　a　sufficient　judgment　of　them　—　but　in　leaving　Individuals　quite　out　of　view

and　unmentioned。　What　it　has　to　record　is　t